Type-writing machine.



J. 0 DUANE. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented May '11, 1909. 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY J. G. DOANE. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MR. 11, 1908.

v Patnted May 11, 1909.

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UNITED s'ra'rns PATENT OFFICE.

.IOHNK. DOANE, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIONOR TO UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITER (OMPANK OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 11, 1909.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, JoHN C. DOANE, a citizen of the United States, residing in Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in 'l pe-Writing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

- This invention relates to the mechanism in typewriting machines by which the powerdriven carriage is moved or spaced backwardly av single space by manipulating a finger-piece usually mounted on the machine frame near the keyboard. This operation is usually performed by means of a pawl, which is normally disengaged from the rack of the usual mechanism which controls the letterfeeding movements of the carriage; and by means of said fingerepiece the pawl is moved into engagement with the rack and caused to set the latter back a step.

It sometimes happens, that when the finger-piece is given a sharpblow, the carriage is set so rapidly inbackward motion that it jumps back two or more spaces; whereas it is desired that the carriage shall move back only a single space in all cases. .This objection is ex erience'd more especially in those machines 1n which the rack is liftable to clear it from the remainder of the escapement mechanism. Such a rack is very easily jarred up, and is quite liable to ride back over the tip of the back-spacing pawl, thereby tending to render the back-spacing mechanism impracticable.

One of the principal objects of my invention is to overcome this difficulty, and to arrest the rack and carriage positively, even though a quick movement isgiven to the backspacing key or finger-piece.

In carrying out my invention, I contrive to arrest the back-spacing pawlpositively at the completion of said driving movement,

and at the same time to lock said pawl positively inengagement with the rack by means of a locking device which is supported upon the rack itself, whereby the rack is entirely prevented from jumping away from or riding back over the tooth of the pawl. The preferred means for efiecting' this result com.- prises a cam operated by said finger-piece to raise the pawl into'engagement with the rack and hold it there positivety,until the pawl and rack are arrested by the stop, said cam having a support upon the rack itself. Said sup ort is loosely mounted upon the framewor to permit it to rise and fall with the rack, when the latter is manipulated both to release the carriage and afterward to drop into mesh with the pinion.

My invention is illustrated as applied to the well-known Underwood typewriting ma chine, in which the carriage rack meshes with a pinion, and the latter by means of a pawl drives an escapement' wheel. When the carriage is set back by the back-spacing mechanism, the rack turns said pinion backwardly, and there is more or less tendency to illustrate my improvements; the parts.

being shown in normal positions. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation taken from front to rear of the machine. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation illust ating the back-spacing pawl in engajgerncnt with the rack. Fig. 4 is a front perspective of the back-spacing mechanism in normal position.

Fig. 5 is a front elevation showing the awl elevated into'engagement with the rac to Fig. 5, but showing the completion of the back-spacing movement.

The platen 1 is mounted upon a carriage 2 connected by a strap 3 with a spring-barrel 4-. Upon the carriage is provided a rack 5 hinged by means of arms 6 upon the carriage, one of the arms being extended at 7 to form a release key, whereby the rack may be -'lift ed to release the carriage from the control of its 'escapement mechanism. A small pinion 8 is normally mesh with the rack to he driven thereby, and by means of apaw-l 9 drives an escapement \wheel 10 of relatively large diameter; the pawl 9 .permittil-ig the pinion and rack to run backward indefor the escapement wheel to turn back with Fig. 6 is a view similar pendently of the escapement wheel 10 during the return'of the carriage to begin a new line.

'lheback-spacing of the carriage is effected by means of a pawl 11 which normally stands below the rack 5. The pawl is lifted and driven. by means of-a linger-piece or key 12 arranged at the front of the machine over the key-board 1.3, and fixed upon the forward 10 7 provided bracket 2.0 havin a flan e 2] whereb r it is secured upon the side of the machine frame.

Said movement of the lever 18 drives toward the right a link 22, one end thereof pivoted at 23 to the top of said lever, and the other end thereof performing various functions now to 28, which serves as a' pivot be described. The right hand end. of said link 22 is'loosely connected to and supported upon a rider 2 1-, which has a lug 25 to catch over the top of the rack bar 5, and rides freely thereon during the longitudinal movements of the bar. By means of the support afforded by said rider, said link is enabled to move the pawl 11 up into engagement with the rack and hold it there. The upward movement of the pawl is effected during the first part of the motion of the link and the driving movement of the pawl is effected during the last part of the lin movement. Said link 22 has a loose connection to the rider 24 in the form of a hanger 26 said rider, and at its lower end having a stud for the link.

The pawl 11 is supported by a rest 29 in the form of an arm pivoted upon the stud 19 y to and formed with a cam 30' to be engaged a grooved roll 31 upon said link stud. 28,

1: enable the link 22 as it moves toward the tooth 33 is normally 7 arrested by contact with tera right, Fig. 5, to lift said rest 29 and the pawl 11; V

The rest is formed with an extension 32 having a tooth-33 to engage one of the teeth of the cscapement Wheel 10 and check the backward movement of the latter. The below the escapement wheel, as at Fig. 1, so as not to interfere with the movements thereof.

While the link is elevating the rest 29 and the. pawl 11, the hen er 26 swings idly about its pivot 27, until a n 34 on the hanger is the side edge of the rider 24, so that during the remainder of the movement of the link 22, said hanger and rider move together if made in one piece. The rider is ivoted upon the same screw 35 that pivots t e pawlll to a rocker 36, the latso pivoted upon the stud 19 and having stops 3? and 38 to limit its vibration; the

pivoted at 27 upon 1 stop 37 determining the normal position of the rocker.

During the final portion of the movement of the link 22 to the right from Fig. 5 to Fig. 6 position, the grooved roll 31 rides along. a dwell 39 forming the terminal portion of the cam 30, thereby supporting the pawl in the rack; and at the same timesaid link acting through the hanger 26, drags the rest 24 to the right and rocks the rocker 36, thereby driving the pawl 11 and hence moving the rack 5 backwardly together with the carriage 2, a distance in excess of the itch of the rack teeth, to allow for back las of the various parts of the escapement mechanism,

but not suflicient to permit the carriage to come to rest'finally at more than a single space back of its original position.

The awl is arrested by means of the sto 38 on t 1e rocker 36, said stop contacting witii the underside of the flange 21 of bracket 20, as at Fig. 6. arrested, it is locked up positively into engagement with. the rack by means of the dwell portion 39 of the cam; or in other words the rack and pawl are confined between the rider lug 25 and the link stud 28, so that there can be no possible separation of the rack from the pawl, and hence the rack cannot jump backwardly over the pawl, but is positively brought to rest by the stop 38.

Upon releasing the finger-piece 12, the spring 15 returns to normal ositions the rock-shaft, the link 22 and te remaining parts; the lever 18 acting upon a lug 40 to return the rocker 36 to normal position, Fi 4.

lVhen the rack 5 is lifted by the'key 7, the rider 124 rises idly with it, together'with the other members of the linkage.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portionsiof the improvements may be used without others. Having thus described my invention, T claim:

1. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a power-driven carriage and an es,

At the time that the pawl is' capement mechanism including a rackyofa back-spacing mechanism inclur ing a' pawl, a fin ierwpiece, a cam operable by the finger piece to cam the the rack and hol it there during the backward movement of the rack, and means also operated by said finger-pieceto drive the pawl backwardly after its movement into engagement with the rack.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a power-driven carriage and an espapement mechanism including a rack, of a back-spacing mechanism including a pawl, a 4

movab e rest upon which said slide, a finger-piece, means opera finger-piece to cam the rest toward the rack to carry the pawl into engagement with the rack, andzr' eans subsequently operated by pawl may pawl into engagement with le'bythe I driving operation.

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a power-driven carriage and an escapement mechanism including a rack, of a back-spacing mechanism including a pawl, a

finger-piece connected thereto to drive the rack backwardly, a stop to arrest the driving movement of the pawl, and means also operated by the finger-piece to effect locking of the pawl with the rack at the rack-arresting operation.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a power-driven carriage and an escapel'nent mechanism including a rack, of a back-spacing mechanism includinga pawl, a finger-piece, a cam operable by the finger piece to cam the-pawl into engagement with the rack and hold it there during the backward movement of the rack, means also operated by said finger-piece to drive the pawl backwardly after its movementinto engagement with the rack, and a stop to arrest the driving movement of the pawl and to cooperate with said cannning means to lock the carriage against. overthrow.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a power-driven carriage and an escapement mechanism including a rack, of a back-spacing mechanism including a pawl, a

- rest upon which said pawl may slide, a fingerpiece, a can: operable by the finger-piece to move the-rest toward the rack to carry the pawl into engagement with the rack, nteans subsequently operated by said finger-piece to drive the pawl backwardly to back space the carriage, and a stop to arrest the driving movement of the pawl; a dwell being provided to enable said finger-piece to hold said rest in eliective position during the back-j ward movement of the pawl, and to cooperate with said stop to prevent overthrow of the rack.

'7. I11 a typewriting machine, the combination with a power-driven carriage and an escapementmechanism. including a rack, of a back-spacing mechanism including a pawl a rocking-arm to which said pawl is pivoted, stops to limit the throw of said arm,a lever controlled by a finger-piece, a link pivoted on said lever and extending along said pawl, and having means to lift the pawl into engagernent with the rack and hold it there,

. back-spacing and means for enabling said lever to rock said arm to drive the rack back.

8. In a t-ypewriting machine, the combination with a power-driven carriage and an escapem'ent mechanism including a rack, of a back-spacing mechanism including a pawl, a rocking-arm to which said pawl is pivoted,- stops to limit the throw of said 8.1111, a lever controlled by a fin er-piece, means for en, abling said lever to Iock said pawl in engagement with the rack at the backward movement-ofthe latter, and means for also enabling the lever to rock said arm to drive the rack back.

9.- In a typewrit-ing machine, the combina-. tion with a releasable carriage rack bar, of a back-spacing pawl, a finger-piece to drive the pawl, a stop for the pawl, .and means having a bearing on said rack bar for locking the pawl in engagement with the rack to prevent overthrow of the rack when the pawl is an rested by said step.

10. In a typewriting machine, thebombination with a releasa le carriage rack bar, of a back spacing pawl, a finger-piece to drive the pawl, a stop for the pawlyand means eon nected to said finger-piece and having acsupport upon said rack bar for'cannni said pawl into engagement with the radii and holding it there when it is arrested'by said stop.

11. In a typewritin machine, the eombination with a releasable carriage rack bar, of a back-spacing pawl, a stop for said pawl, a lever operated by a finger-piece, a pawldriving link pivot-ed to said lever andlextending along the rack and-having asupport upon the rack, and a cain operatedby said link to lock said pawl in engagement with the rack when the pawl is arrested by the stop.

12. In a typewnitingmachine, the com bination of a releasable carriage rack bar, a back-spacing pawl, a stop for said pa ad, a pawl-driving link connected at one end to a finger-piece and having at the other end a support upon therack, and means operated by said link at its rack-supported end to lock said pawl in engagement with the rack when the pawl is arrested by the stop.

13. In a typewriting machine, the corn-. bination of a releasable carriage rack bar, a pawl, a stop for said pawl, and a pawl-lock supported upon the rack to lock the pawl in engagement with the rack when the pawl is arrested by the stop.

14. In a typewritin machine, the combinationwith a release le carriage rack bar, of a back-s acing pawl, a stop for said pawl, and a paw -driver supported upon the rack and having means to cam the mud into engagement with the rack and ock it there when the pawl is arrested by the stop.

15. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage rack bar, a back-spae ing pawl, astop for said pawl, a rocker on which said pawl is pivoted, a rider pivoted at one end on said rocker and at its other end supported upon said rack, and a pawl-driver end on said rocker and at its other end suported upon saidrack, alink drivenby a inger-piece and loosely connected to said rider, and a cam to cooperatewith said linkand rider to lock the pawl in engagement with the rack whenarrested by said stop; means being provided to enable said link to-rock said rocker by means of said rider and thereby drive said pawl.

17. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage rack bar, a backspacing pawl, a rocker on. which said pawl is pivoted, a rider pivoted at one end on said rocker and at its other end supported upon said rack, a link driven by a finger piece and loosely conneetedto said rider, and a cam to cooperate with said link and rider tolock the pawl in engagement with the rack when arrested by said step; means being provided to enable said link to rock said rocker by means of said" rider and thereby drive said to said rider, a pivoted rest for saidbp pawl, said rocker having a stop to arrest the backspacing movement of said pawl.

18. In a typewriting machine, the combination of carriage rack bar, a back-spacing pawl, a rocker on which said pawl is pivoted, a rider pivoted at one end on said rocker and at its other end su ported upon said rack bar, a lever driven oy a lingeriece, a link pivoted upon said lever and oosely connected to said rider, a cam being provided between said link and p'awlto enable the link to lift and hold the pawl in engagement with the rack; means bein provided .to enable said link to cause sai rider to operate the rocker after the pawl is lifted into mesh with the rack, and said rocker provided with astop to arrest the back-spacing movement of the pawl.

19. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carr age rack bar, a back-spacing pawl,- a rocker on which said pawl is pivoted,

a rider pivoted at one end on said rocker and at its other end supported upon said rack bar, a lever driven 'y a fingeriece, a link p1 voted upon said lever andloose yconnected awl,

said rest provided with a cam engagea eby a bearing on said link to enable the link to lift and hold the awl in engagement withi the rack, means ein provided to enable said link to cause sair rider to operate the I rocker after the pawl is lifted into mesh with i the rack, and said'rooker provided with a senses stop to arrest' the back-spacing movement of the pawl.

20. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a Ipower-driven rack and an escapementmec anism therefor, including a pinion to mesh with the rack, and an escapement wheel connected by a pawl to the pin ion, of a back-spacing pawl caused by a finger-piece to engage the rack, and a backcheck moved by said finger-piece to engag said escapement wheel;

21. In a back-spacing mechanism for typewriting machines, the combination of a back-spacing pawl to engage the carriage rack, a lock to engage the escapement wheel, and means for synchronouslymoving the pawl and lock into action.

22. In a back-spacing mechanism for typewriting machines, the combinationof. a;

pawl to back space the carriage, means to look the escapement, and means for driving the pawl independently of the saidlock', to back space the carriage while the lock is in action; e

23. In a backspacing. mechanism for typewriting machines, the combination of a rocker, a pawl mounted thereon, a swinging rest for the pawl, a lifter for said rest, means to move, the rocker after the movement of said rest, and an escapement-wheel lock carried by the swinging rest.

25; In a back-spacing mechanism for typewriting machines, the combination of a pawl,

a rest therefor, means for lifting the restto cause the pawl to engage the rack, and means for driving the pawl while the rest remains stationary.

26. In a typewriting machine, thebom- 1 bination with a power-driven carriage and an escapement mechanism including a rack, a pinion, and a pawl-driven eseapement wheel connected to said spacing mechanism inclu mg a pawl, a finger piece, means operable by the finger-piece to earn the Mind into engagement with the rack and hold it there during the backward movement of the rack, and means also open ated by said finger-piece to drive the pawl backwardly after its movement into engagement with the rack, and to lock said escape-' ment wheel against backward movement. I

27. In a typewriting machine,'the com:

(pinion, of'a backbination with a power-driven carriage and an escapement mechanism including a rack,

a pinion, and a pawl-driven "escapement wheel connected to said )inion, of a back spacing mechanism inclu mg a pawl, a finger-piece connected thereto to drive the rack spacing mechanism inclu mg a backwai'dly, and means also operated by the linger-piece to lock the pawl 1n engagement with the rack during the rack-driving 0 J81- ation, and to lock the escapement wheel against backward movement.

28. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a power-driven carriage and an cscapement mechanism including a rack, a. pinion, and a pawl-driven escapement wheel connected to said inion, of a backup'onwhich said pawl may slit e, a finger piece, means operable by the finger-piece to move the rest toward the rack to engage the 15 i pawl with-the rack, a back-check'upon said rest to engage a tooth of the escapement' "wheel, means 0 )erated by the fin eriece to drive the pawl ba-ckwardly to ac: space the carriage, and a pawl stop,

29. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a power-driven carriage and aneer'apementmechanism including a rack, a pinion, and a pawl-driven es'capement wheel connected to said pinion, of a backspacing mechanism including a pawl, a rocking-arm to which said pawl is pivoted, stops to limit the throw of said arm, a lever controlled by. a finger-piece, alink pivoted on said lever and extending along said pawl, and having means to lift the pawl into engagement with therack and holdit there, and means for enabling said lever to rock said arm to drive the rack back; means also being provided for enabling said link to check the escapement wheel against backward mot-ion.

30. In a typewriting machine, the com bination with a power-driven carriage and awl, a rest 1 5 an e'scapement mechanism including a rack, l a pinion, and a -pawl-driven es'capement wheel connected to said pinion, of a backspacing mechanism including a back-spacing pawl, a rocker or member on which said pawl is pivoted, a rider supported upon the rack bar s lever or part driven by a 'Iingerpiece, a link pivoted u on said lever and loosely connected to s'ai rider, a movable rest for said pawl, a cam to enable the link to lift and hold the pawl into engagement with the rack and to-drive the pawl endwise, a stop for the pawl,'- and means connected to the rest to check the esc'apement wheel against backward movemen bination with a power-driven carriage-and an escapement mechanism including a rack mounted for a releasing movement, of a back-spacing mechanism part1 supported upon said rack and having means dependent upon such support .to'lock the rack against overthrow. I p v 32-. In a--typewriting machine, the combination with a power-driven carriage and an escapement mechanism including a rack mounted for a releasing movement, ofa back-spacing mechanism partly upon the framework of the machine and partly upon the rack, and including a pawl, a stop therefor, and means to lock thepawl and rack together when the pawl is arrested by the stop.

, JOHN enema.

Witnessesi W. M. 'BYORKM'AN,

MonToN C. TALooTT.

31.'In a typewriting machine, the com- 

